There is a famous legend about the founders of Kiev: according to her they were brothers Kyi, Schek and Horeb. And also mentioned their sister Lybid. But if we consider the facts impartially, it turns out that no evidence of the real existence of these brothers do not. A Lybid - and at the name of the river that runs through Kiev ...
So if Kyi, Schek and Horeb - a legend, what it stands for and how it was really the case? Is there information?
But there is a story related to the Apostle Andrew (the First Called) - that he is the founder, in my opinion, though in his time the city was not yet - he speaks only of the mountains and the city of the future. And this is the 1st century BC In contrast to the fairy tale about three brothers and sister, Andrew - a real historical person. And his journey has left its mark on the whole route - and in the Crimea, and the top on the Dnieper River, in the place where now Kiev, as well as to compare notes - where Novgorod and ... famous ancient monastic cloister.
Of course, there are various historical data on travel of the Apostle Andrew, but absolutely exclude his stay in the Crimea, Ukraine and northern Russia did not. He sowed in these lands Word and it sprouted! Of course, if you believe in the spontaneous generation of life on earth, for you it's not an argument, but for everyone else it is clear that if there's something grown, somebody planted it :) If there is a church - and this is not architecture and the people who believed in Jesus Christ, and only then built temples - somebody they paid. Chronicles say that this "someone" - the Apostle Andrew, the brother of Simon (Peter).
There is a version that the story of three brothers - a product of the transformation of the symbolic message of the Apostle Andrew, spoken near the hills on which later came my city.
Andrei was his style handwriting. Before Jesus called him, Andrew was a disciple of John the Baptist. And John the Baptist, as you know, came in the spirit and power of Elijah. What was characteristic of Elijah? He was an Old Testament prophet, he was a staff and the mantle, which he then left to Elisha. Part of his ministry was associated with Mount Sinai, where Moses spoke with God and received the commandments of the law. This is the mountain where there was the presence of God, where there was a burning bush. This mountain smoked and trembled from it also came the thunder.
We now consider several elements in detail.
Of course, there are various historical data on travel of the Apostle Andrew, but absolutely exclude his stay in the Crimea, Ukraine and northern Russia did not. He sowed in these lands Word and it sprouted! Of course, if you believe in the spontaneous generation of life on earth, for you it's not an argument, but for everyone else it is clear that if there's something grown, somebody planted it :) If there is a church - and this is not architecture and the people who believed in Jesus Christ, and only then built temples - somebody they paid. Chronicles say that this "someone" - the Apostle Andrew, the brother of Simon (Peter).
There is a version that the story of three brothers - a product of the transformation of the symbolic message of the Apostle Andrew, spoken near the hills on which later came my city.
Andrei was his style handwriting. Before Jesus called him, Andrew was a disciple of John the Baptist. And John the Baptist, as you know, came in the spirit and power of Elijah. What was characteristic of Elijah? He was an Old Testament prophet, he was a staff and the mantle, which he then left to Elisha. Part of his ministry was associated with Mount Sinai, where Moses spoke with God and received the commandments of the law. This is the mountain where there was the presence of God, where there was a burning bush. This mountain smoked and trembled from it also came the thunder.
We now consider several elements in detail.
1 Staff. Thy rod and thy staff, they comfort me Ps. 22: 4.
Staff was Elijah and John the Baptist. Staff was also at St. Andrew.
(Below I will mention from the chronicles and legends about a staff Andrew)
About wand and a staff of the Apostle Andrew.
In the story of the monk Epiphanius (end of the 8th - early 9th century)
"... not once mention the" iron rod with the image of the Holy Cross, which the apostle has always relied. "Not far from Nicaea in Bithynia" Blessed Apostle. Andrew, having overthrown the infamous statue of Artemis, put there life-giving image saving Cross. "Further to the east, in Paphlagonia" he chose a place of prayer, easy to build an altar, and sanctified it by erecting a sign of the Holy Cross. "
We must understand that Epiphanius tried to justify icons and crosses as objects of worship, as in his time on the admissibility of this debate was in full swing.
I think that the Apostle Andrew could not walk with the cross and hoisting crosses - in the 1st century on crosses crucified on the cross, crucified Lord Jesus Christ himself, as well as many of his first disciples. Even stranger was the faith of the Jews the idea of deification items. Another thing - the rod and staff. Shepherd of the sheep went with staffs, Moses had a staff, by which God showed his power. Prophets also had staffs, as a lot of go. The kings had a wand, which meant their power.
And if still in the 9th century continued debate about the crosses and icons, in the 1st and they did not exist :)
In fact the rod and staff - are one and the same. But there is in Russian language (even in his Old Church Slavonic version) is another word that means the same thing as the rod or staff. The word is:
KYI ! ! !
Of course, today it is associated more with a game of billiards than a shepherd or a king :)
But in the past, long before the advent of billiards:
KYI - m. Old. SOUTH. Rec. stick, walking sticks, staffs, wands; crutch komlyastaya stick, blackjack, mace; sowing. sib. Dolbnya, pusher ... Pool cue, pusher, ... (Dictionary Dahl)
in Ukrainian:
1) stick, mace; (Staff) obsolete. cue
2) (for a game of pool) cue
In the Middle East, and came from Andrew, pastors from childhood go with staffs. Also, in general, all the prophets and pilgrims. Staff was also a symbol of power (and scepter originates from the staff).
Recently re-read a certain book about ancient Kyiv, which was published in 1983. Author - Professor PP Talochka (now Academician), in Soviet times was considered a specialist in the history of Kiev. Its main value - lots of pictures :) Also presented research predecessors. How many were there? Yes hundred typed. All and sundry, starting with Nestor, and in the west and in the east, put forward their own, original hypothesis on the basis of Kiev. But the stories have very little. Half tried to procrastinate the names of three brothers, guessing from what they are first-people, the other half is stupid deduced founders of their ethnic group (the Huns, Gotti, Vikings, Sarmatians, etc.) The mystery remains. More or less established fact that Kiev was founded no earlier than the 1st century AD and after the 5th. In the 80 years anniversary of the celebrated 1500 book of the same date and was timed. But even Nestor relied only on two stories: the Apostle Andrew, and three brothers.
So Horeb - not brother Kyi and no man, but the name of the mountain (which is the Sinai or Mosaic Mountain). This mountain is Horeb is thought from the 4th century, on the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt. Not far from the foot is probably the oldest Christian monastery - St. Catherine. It among other things contains a unique manuscripts of the biblical texts. Pilgrims at night back to the mountain to meet at the top of the dawn. If at sunrise is absolutely clear that is not often, the pilgrims expect to see about what he saw Moses, when God promised to show him the Promised Land from afar (Israel), to which he will not go down.
However, it is not easy to see for another reason - it may not be that mountain. For example, Paul writes that Mount Sinai is in Arabia. Some also believe that it is in Jordan.
But the most important in the history of the mountain - the presence of God or the Shekinah (Heb. Dwelling).
Presence in the form of goryaschekgo bush, in the form of a pillar of fire and of the cloud, in the form of an angel, which Moses had even seen one from the back! Shekinah at Horeb familiar and Elijah ...
It turned out there is a version similar to the one to which I am inclined, but Cheeks it is interpreted as a snake:
Dnepr same in Pontus sea flowing three mouths, and that sea reputed Rusko, as taught by his holy Apostle Andrew, Peter's brother, as a tale. Andrew, teaching in Sinope, came in Korsun [Crimean Chersonesos] and saw that near the mouth of the Dnieper thereof, would go forth to Rome, and came to the mouth of the Dnieper, and from there went up along the Dnieper and on the occasion was under the mountains on the banks. Morning as he stood up and said to his disciples:
"You see these mountains and only knows how to still shine mountains grace of God, there is a great degree, and many of the church was erected."
Having ascended a mountain these things, blessed them, and prayed to God with tears.
These same mountains are where then built Kiev. From there, Andrew went to Rome itself.
The prophecy was fulfilled exactly the Apostle: already 1,500 years the city of Kiev, it is revealed God's grace and erected many churches!
We must understand that Epiphanius tried to justify icons and crosses as objects of worship, as in his time on the admissibility of this debate was in full swing.
I think that the Apostle Andrew could not walk with the cross and hoisting crosses - in the 1st century on crosses crucified on the cross, crucified Lord Jesus Christ himself, as well as many of his first disciples. Even stranger was the faith of the Jews the idea of deification items. Another thing - the rod and staff. Shepherd of the sheep went with staffs, Moses had a staff, by which God showed his power. Prophets also had staffs, as a lot of go. The kings had a wand, which meant their power.
And if still in the 9th century continued debate about the crosses and icons, in the 1st and they did not exist :)
In fact the rod and staff - are one and the same. But there is in Russian language (even in his Old Church Slavonic version) is another word that means the same thing as the rod or staff. The word is:
KYI ! ! !
Of course, today it is associated more with a game of billiards than a shepherd or a king :)
But in the past, long before the advent of billiards:
KYI - m. Old. SOUTH. Rec. stick, walking sticks, staffs, wands; crutch komlyastaya stick, blackjack, mace; sowing. sib. Dolbnya, pusher ... Pool cue, pusher, ... (Dictionary Dahl)
in Ukrainian:
1) stick, mace; (Staff) obsolete. cue
2) (for a game of pool) cue
Now once again read the chronicle:
"getting up in the morning," he Decrees of his disciples on the mountain near laying predicts about having to be here Veliko and many churches, climbs mountains, bless them, and to put an end, and then continues its way to Novgorod...
About crosses I wrote above, this is impossible. What could actually deliver (hoist) St. Andrew? He put his staff, his staff, his cue. And on the mountain, where it happened, and later built a fortification, and eventually the city of Kiev!
So, cue - it is not the elder brother of the three, and the cue (stick, rod) Andrew, with whom he went to the prophet Elijah. And he symbolically hoisting where founded and proclaimed anything meaningful. In this case - spiritually founded the city of Kiev, the city of Christians, the city where God's grace shone and the city, where there was a lot of churches.
What does Cheeks and Horeb?
With Horiv easier. Horeb - she Sinai - the mountain of God, which God of the burning bush spoke to Moses, to whom he gave the Ten Commandments, because even this mountain symbolizes God's law. Apostle Andrew, Peter's brother, before he called Jesus, was a disciple of John the Baptist, who came in the spirit and power of Elijah. Elijah is to know the Lord as at Horeb, where he revealed to him in a quiet trends:
"getting up in the morning," he Decrees of his disciples on the mountain near laying predicts about having to be here Veliko and many churches, climbs mountains, bless them, and to put an end, and then continues its way to Novgorod...
About crosses I wrote above, this is impossible. What could actually deliver (hoist) St. Andrew? He put his staff, his staff, his cue. And on the mountain, where it happened, and later built a fortification, and eventually the city of Kiev!
So, cue - it is not the elder brother of the three, and the cue (stick, rod) Andrew, with whom he went to the prophet Elijah. And he symbolically hoisting where founded and proclaimed anything meaningful. In this case - spiritually founded the city of Kiev, the city of Christians, the city where God's grace shone and the city, where there was a lot of churches.
What does Cheeks and Horeb?
With Horiv easier. Horeb - she Sinai - the mountain of God, which God of the burning bush spoke to Moses, to whom he gave the Ten Commandments, because even this mountain symbolizes God's law. Apostle Andrew, Peter's brother, before he called Jesus, was a disciple of John the Baptist, who came in the spirit and power of Elijah. Elijah is to know the Lord as at Horeb, where he revealed to him in a quiet trends:
And he said, Go forth, and stand upon the mount before the LORD, and behold, the LORD passed by, and a great and strong wind rent the mountains, and brake in pieces the rocks before the Lord, but not in the wind; and after the wind an earthquake, but the Lord is not in the earthquake; after the earthquake a fire, but not in the fire the Lord; and after the fire a still small voice. 3 Kings 19
In the Middle East, and came from Andrew, pastors from childhood go with staffs. Also, in general, all the prophets and pilgrims. Staff was also a symbol of power (and scepter originates from the staff).
Recently re-read a certain book about ancient Kyiv, which was published in 1983. Author - Professor PP Talochka (now Academician), in Soviet times was considered a specialist in the history of Kiev. Its main value - lots of pictures :) Also presented research predecessors. How many were there? Yes hundred typed. All and sundry, starting with Nestor, and in the west and in the east, put forward their own, original hypothesis on the basis of Kiev. But the stories have very little. Half tried to procrastinate the names of three brothers, guessing from what they are first-people, the other half is stupid deduced founders of their ethnic group (the Huns, Gotti, Vikings, Sarmatians, etc.) The mystery remains. More or less established fact that Kiev was founded no earlier than the 1st century AD and after the 5th. In the 80 years anniversary of the celebrated 1500 book of the same date and was timed. But even Nestor relied only on two stories: the Apostle Andrew, and three brothers.
So Horeb - not brother Kyi and no man, but the name of the mountain (which is the Sinai or Mosaic Mountain). This mountain is Horeb is thought from the 4th century, on the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt. Not far from the foot is probably the oldest Christian monastery - St. Catherine. It among other things contains a unique manuscripts of the biblical texts. Pilgrims at night back to the mountain to meet at the top of the dawn. If at sunrise is absolutely clear that is not often, the pilgrims expect to see about what he saw Moses, when God promised to show him the Promised Land from afar (Israel), to which he will not go down.
However, it is not easy to see for another reason - it may not be that mountain. For example, Paul writes that Mount Sinai is in Arabia. Some also believe that it is in Jordan.
But the most important in the history of the mountain - the presence of God or the Shekinah (Heb. Dwelling).
Presence in the form of goryaschekgo bush, in the form of a pillar of fire and of the cloud, in the form of an angel, which Moses had even seen one from the back! Shekinah at Horeb familiar and Elijah ...
It turned out there is a version similar to the one to which I am inclined, but Cheeks it is interpreted as a snake:
Today, most historians refuse to see in Kie, Cheek and Horeb founders of Kyiv. Mindful of the fact that Kiev is going on in the image and likeness of Jerusalem, the researchers point to the biblical origin of a number of names of Kiev, in particular, mountain Horivitsy.
Remember: "Moses was tending the flock of Jethro, father in law, the priest Maliamskogo.
Once he led the flock behind the wilderness, and came to the mountain of God, Horeb "(Exodus)
God revealed himself to Moses and said, "I will be with you here's the sign that I have sent thee: When thou hast brought forth the people (My) of Egypt, you shall serve God on this mountain."
Moses, wanting to make sure that God is really in front of him, asked to reveal the miracle.
And the Lord said to him: "What is that in your hand?"
He replied: Wand.
The Lord said, Cast it on the ground, and it became a serpent.
One of the values named Kiya - Wand, staff.
Cheeks in Old Church Slavonic - the serpent, the dragon.
In other words, and Horeb (g.Horiv) and Cheek (serpent) and McDermott (Rod), argue in favor of such an interpretation of the legend of three brothers.
Creation of Kiev, as a second Jerusalem, or rather in his biblical image, perhaps was the reason for naming one of Kiev's mountain Horeb, and other Scheck (in memory of turning the rod in the serpent).
The very name of Kiev, could be perceived as a sign, a hint, a sign from above.
Wand, staff - a symbol, a sign.
Over time, Mount Horeb turned into Horivitsu, Cheeks in Schekavitse, and gave its name to the river LYBID sister three founders of the city..
In general, the idea is the same, the only difference is in the interpretation of cheek.
Shekinah - God's presence (at Horeb) - here, in my opinion, the possible significance of the name Cheeks. If Cheek - the name of Prince, then to the question whether it would meet the mountains: Mount Shchekina.
A Shchekina very consonant with the word Shekinah.
Wand (Kyi), mountain (Horeb) and God (the presence of).
Lybed do not cause a lot of questions - is the name of the river, and now it is there, but has become so small that the partially imprisoned in tonel and partially extends over the surface (near the railway station) in the form of a small stream. River respectively. feminine, and therefore became a legend as the name of his sister.
Thus the prophecy of the Apostle Andrew the future great city was transformed into the legend of Kia, Cheek and Horeb, which preserved the essence of his message.
What is this message? It is referred to in the chronicles:
Remember: "Moses was tending the flock of Jethro, father in law, the priest Maliamskogo.
Once he led the flock behind the wilderness, and came to the mountain of God, Horeb "(Exodus)
God revealed himself to Moses and said, "I will be with you here's the sign that I have sent thee: When thou hast brought forth the people (My) of Egypt, you shall serve God on this mountain."
Moses, wanting to make sure that God is really in front of him, asked to reveal the miracle.
And the Lord said to him: "What is that in your hand?"
He replied: Wand.
The Lord said, Cast it on the ground, and it became a serpent.
One of the values named Kiya - Wand, staff.
Cheeks in Old Church Slavonic - the serpent, the dragon.
In other words, and Horeb (g.Horiv) and Cheek (serpent) and McDermott (Rod), argue in favor of such an interpretation of the legend of three brothers.
Creation of Kiev, as a second Jerusalem, or rather in his biblical image, perhaps was the reason for naming one of Kiev's mountain Horeb, and other Scheck (in memory of turning the rod in the serpent).
The very name of Kiev, could be perceived as a sign, a hint, a sign from above.
Wand, staff - a symbol, a sign.
Over time, Mount Horeb turned into Horivitsu, Cheeks in Schekavitse, and gave its name to the river LYBID sister three founders of the city..
In general, the idea is the same, the only difference is in the interpretation of cheek.
Shekinah - God's presence (at Horeb) - here, in my opinion, the possible significance of the name Cheeks. If Cheek - the name of Prince, then to the question whether it would meet the mountains: Mount Shchekina.
A Shchekina very consonant with the word Shekinah.
Wand (Kyi), mountain (Horeb) and God (the presence of).
Lybed do not cause a lot of questions - is the name of the river, and now it is there, but has become so small that the partially imprisoned in tonel and partially extends over the surface (near the railway station) in the form of a small stream. River respectively. feminine, and therefore became a legend as the name of his sister.
Thus the prophecy of the Apostle Andrew the future great city was transformed into the legend of Kia, Cheek and Horeb, which preserved the essence of his message.
What is this message? It is referred to in the chronicles:
Dnepr same in Pontus sea flowing three mouths, and that sea reputed Rusko, as taught by his holy Apostle Andrew, Peter's brother, as a tale. Andrew, teaching in Sinope, came in Korsun [Crimean Chersonesos] and saw that near the mouth of the Dnieper thereof, would go forth to Rome, and came to the mouth of the Dnieper, and from there went up along the Dnieper and on the occasion was under the mountains on the banks. Morning as he stood up and said to his disciples:
"You see these mountains and only knows how to still shine mountains grace of God, there is a great degree, and many of the church was erected."
Having ascended a mountain these things, blessed them, and prayed to God with tears.
These same mountains are where then built Kiev. From there, Andrew went to Rome itself.
